Hearing is one of our most essential senses, connecting us to loved ones, the world around us, and even ourselves. When issues like earwax buildup threaten that connection, it’s natural to have questions. Can earwax cause hearing loss? The short answer is yes. But the good news is that with proper care, this common condition is manageable, likely temporary — and often entirely preventable.
Earwax plays an essential role in keeping your ears healthy, but an imbalance can lead to discomfort, temporary hearing loss, and more. This article dives into the science of how earwax affects hearing, what to watch for, and safe, effective solutions to maintain your ear health.
What Is Earwax and How Does It Protect My Hearing?
Earwax, or cerumen, is more than just a sticky substance — it’s an unsung hero in your ear’s self-care system. Produced by glands in the ear canal, it serves as a natural barrier, shielding the ear’s sensitive structures.
Earwax traps dirt, dust, and harmful microorganisms, preventing them from traveling deeper into your ear. Its slightly acidic composition also makes it an antibacterial defense, reducing the risk of infections. At the same time, cerumen lubricates the ear canal, keeping the skin hydrated and less prone to irritation.
Your ears have an incredible self-cleaning mechanism, where movements like talking or chewing naturally push old earwax toward the outer ear, where it can be wiped away. However, factors like cotton swab use or ear canal shape can disrupt this process, leading to impacted earwax. According to ENT Health by the American Academy of Otolaryngology, impacted wax is one of the most common preventable causes of hearing loss.
Explore Your Hearing Health
Understand your hearing challenges with our online hearing screener to discover your complete hearing profile and get recommendations for the road ahead.
How Does Earwax Buildup Cause Hearing Loss?
When earwax accumulates excessively, it can create a physical barrier in the ear canal, blocking sound from reaching your eardrum. This condition can lead to temporary hearing loss, which, while frustrating, is often reversible.
Key Effects of Earwax Buildup
- Muffled Sounds: Hearing may seem quieter or less distinct, similar to how your ears feel when they’re clogged after swimming.
- Tinnitus: Ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in your ears can sometimes be caused by impacted earwax.
- Ear Pressure or Pain: Excess wax pressing against the eardrum or canal walls can lead to discomfort, pressure, or even earaches.
- Dizziness or Balance Issues: In some cases, impacted wax can affect balance, as the ear plays a crucial role in maintaining equilibrium.
What’s important to know is that while hearing loss from earwax is common, it’s arguably one of the easiest hearing issues to address. Early recognition and proper care can prevent it from escalating into something more serious.
Can Earwax Blockage Cause Permanent Hearing Loss?
While permanent hearing loss from earwax blockage is uncommon, timely care is essential to prevent potential long-term effects.
One potential issue is ear infections. When earwax traps bacteria or fungi in the ear canal, it increases the risk of infection. Severe or chronic infections can damage the eardrum, the tiny bones in the middle ear, or other sensitive structures. This damage can result in permanent hearing loss if not addressed promptly.
Another concern is the pressure exerted by impacted earwax on the eardrum. Over time, this pressure can cause perforation or other structural damage, which may impair hearing. Though rare, such complications emphasize the importance of addressing earwax buildup early and avoiding unsafe removal methods, such as using any objects or excessive force.
Seeking professional help when symptoms persist or worsen ensures safe removal and protects your hearing health.
Professional Hearing Care, Close to Home
Connect with HearingLoss.com-Certified professionals for safe earwax removal and personalized hearing care.
Who Is at Risk for Excess Earwax Buildup?
While anyone can develop earwax buildup, certain groups face a higher risk due to lifestyle factors or physical characteristics. Aging adults often experience harder, drier earwax, which is more prone to impaction. People who wear hearing aids or frequently use earbuds, whether for hearing protection or for listening to music, may also find that these devices trap wax, disrupting the ear’s natural cleaning process.
Some individuals are born with narrower or uniquely shaped ear canals, making it harder for earwax to exit naturally. Additionally, those with skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis may experience increased cerumen with the addition of dried skin.
Swimmers and divers face their own challenges, as frequent water exposure can cause ear canals to swell, increasing the likelihood of a blockage.
Recognizing these risk factors empowers you to take proactive steps to prevent buildup and protect your hearing.
What Can Cause Excessive Earwax?
Several factors contribute to earwax overproduction or impaction, including:
- Overuse of Cotton Swabs: While they may seem helpful, cotton swabs often push wax deeper into the canal, increasing the risk of impaction.
- Frequent Use of Earbuds or Hearing Protection: Devices that block the ear canal can trap wax, preventing its natural expulsion.
- Skin Disorders: Conditions that affect the skin can lead to increased earwax production.
- Environmental Factors: Dusty or dirty environments may stimulate your ears to produce more wax as a protective response, or dust and dirt may enter the ear canal, impacting sound transmission.
- Genetics: Some people naturally produce more wax or have stickier wax, making them more prone to buildup.
What Are the Safest Ways to Remove Earwax?
Removing earwax safely is essential to avoid damaging your ear canal or eardrum and causing a more serious problem. Whether you’re addressing hearing loss from earwax or looking to prevent future blockages, here are some of the best ear-cleaning methods.
Generally Safe and Effective Home Remedies for Earwax Removal
If you don’t have an eardrum perforation — a condition where the thin membrane separating the ear canal and middle ear has a hole or tear — or a history of ear surgery, several home remedies may help manage mild earwax buildup safely. However, if you’re unsure about your ear health or are experiencing persistent symptoms, it’s best to consult a health care provider before trying any of these methods. Here are some generally safe options to consider:
- Over-the-Counter Softening Drops: Drops may soften hardened earwax, allowing it to exit naturally.
- Warm-Water Irrigation: A gentle rinse using a bulb syringe and warm water can clear minor buildups.
- Oils for Wax Removal: Mineral oil or olive oil works to lubricate and soften stubborn earwax.
- Hydrogen Peroxide: A few drops of diluted hydrogen peroxide can help break down earwax safely.
When to Seek Professional Help to Remove Earwax
While home remedies are effective in many cases, some situations call for expert care. You should consult a professional if:
- You experience persistent hearing loss despite home treatment.
- There is severe pain, bleeding, or discharge.
- You have a history of ear surgeries or complications.
Audiologists and ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists are trained to remove earwax safely using advanced techniques such as microsuction or specialized tools for manual extraction. These methods ensure thorough removal without causing damage to the sensitive structures in your ear.
If you’re facing any of these symptoms, seek professional help for safe and effective earwax removal as soon as possible.
Caring for Your Ears: Preventing Earwax Buildup and Hearing Loss
Prevention is the key to avoiding earwax-related hearing issues. One of the most effective steps you can take is to avoid using cotton swabs or inserting objects into your ears. Let your ears self-clean, as they’re naturally designed to do.
Healthy hydration and a balanced diet can also support proper ear health. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants promote circulation and reduce inflammation, which benefits the ear canal. Regular checkups with an audiologist provide an opportunity to catch any potential problems early, whether it’s earwax buildup or other hearing issues.
By incorporating these habits into your routine, you can maintain clear, healthy hearing and reduce the likelihood of complications from excess earwax.
How HearingLoss.com Can Help
Taking charge of your hearing health starts with understanding how conditions like earwax buildup can affect your daily life. At HearingLoss.com, we’re dedicated to providing the tools, knowledge, and support you need to address your hearing concerns with confidence.
We believe hearing care should be both approachable and effective — like working with a trusted partner who truly understands your needs. Let HearingLoss.com guide you toward better hearing and a stronger connection to the world around you.
Explore our resources, take our online hearing screener, or find a HearingLoss.com-Certified provider near you to take the next step in your hearing care journey.
References
Earwax blockage – Diagnosis and treatment. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/earwax-blockage/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353007
Ear eczema. (2020, February 10). National Eczema Society. https://eczema.org/information-and-advice/types-of-eczema/ear-eczema/
Earwax (Cerumen Impaction). (2024, April 24). ENT Health. https://www.enthealth.org/conditions/earwax/
Ear Wax Blockage. (n.d.). American Academy of Audiology. https://www.audiology.org/consumers-and-patients/hearing-and-balance/ear-wax-blockage/